William Ruhlmann was the popular music critic for The New York City Tribune from 1983 to 1991 and the newspaper's theater critic from 1989 to 1991. He has been a contributor to Goldmine magazine since 1984, and his work for the magazine has been anthologized in such books as -The Frank Zappa Companion (1997), -Classic Rock Digest (1998), -The Joni Mitchell Companion (2000), and -The Beatles Digest (2000). He was the associate editor of Relix magazine from 1987 to 1991, and he has written for various other periodicals. He has contributed liner notes to numerous albums, including the multi-disc box sets Group Portrait (1991) by Chicago, White Sox, Pink Lipstick...and Stupid Cupid (1993) by Connie Francis, The Song Is You (1994) by Tommy Dorsey and Frank Sinatra, and The Complete Ella Fitzgerald Louis Armstrong on Verve (1997). He wrote the illustrated biographies -The History of the Grateful Dead (1990), -The Doors (1991), -Led Zeppelin (1992), -John Lennon (1993), -Pink Floyd (1993), -The Rolling Stones (1993), and -Barbra Streisand (1995). He is a contributor to -The Scribner Encyclopedia of American Lives and -The Encyclopedia of Recorded Sound, and was the pop editor of the centennial edition of -Baker's Biographical Dictionary of Musicians (2001). His history of the American music business in the 20th century, -Breaking Records, was published in 2004. He has been a regular contributor to All Music Guide since its inception. He is a voting member of the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences. ~ William Ruhlmann, Rovi