Born in London to an English mother and an Italian father, Calvi grew up in a music-loving family and listened to classical music and opera, as well as pop and rock, from an early age. She started violin lessons at age six; by age eight, she was playing guitar and began recording herself a few years later. Calvi came out to her family at age 18, around the time she began studying violin and guitar at the University of Southampton. Through her studies and on her own, she developed a distinctive guitar-playing technique inspired by the impressionistic style of composers such as Ravel and Debussy as well as her early idol, Jimi Hendrix.
After graduating from Southampton with a Bachelor of Fine Arts in 2003, Calvi worked in London as a guitar teacher, played in several bands, and recorded her own songs on an eight-track recorded in the attic of her parents' home. In 2006, she connected with multi-instrumentalist Mally Harpaz and later recruited drummer Daniel Maiden-Wood to perform her songs live. Former Coral guitarist Bill Ryder-Jones witnessed one of Calvi's gigs in Manchester and recommended her to Domino Records boss Lawrence Bell, who signed her to the label in December 2009. Her first release for Coral was October 2010's single "Jezebel," a bold reworking of the Frankie Laine and Edith Piaf standard.
To make her debut album, Calvi worked with co-producer Rob Ellis (known for his work with PJ Harvey, whose intense style was akin to Calvi's) at France's Black Box studio. Using vintage analog equipment, she created a lush yet formidable sound on Anna Calvi, which was released in the U.K. and Europe in January 2011 and in the U.S., Australia, and Japan that March. Featuring contributions from the Invisibl's Dave Okumu and Brian Eno (a fan of Calvi's since hearing her first demos), the album charted in the U.K. and Europe. Following its release, Anna Calvi was nominated for the Mercury Prize, while Calvi won the 2012 European Border Breakers Award and was nominated for Best British Breakthrough Act at that year's Brit Awards.
Along with being a Mercury Prize judge and collaborating with Noah and the Whale on the title track to their album Heart of Nowhere, in 2012 Calvi began work on her second album. Recording once again at Black Box as well as Texas' Elmwood Recording Studios, this time she shared production duties with John Congleton. Completed in six weeks, One Breath appeared in October 2013 and drew inspiration from the work of Steve Reich and John Adams, as well as the loss of someone close to Calvi. Like its predecessor, the album charted in Europe and the U.K. and earned Calvi her second Mercury Prize nomination. After touring in support of One Breath, she followed with July 2014's Strange Weather EP, a set of covers that included songs by David Bowie and FKA Twigs and featured a duet with David Byrne. That year, Calvi also appeared on the title track of Marianne Faithfull's album Falling Back and closed out 2014 with an ambitious concert with the Heritage Orchestra at London's St. John's Church.
The following years saw Calvi embark on many different projects. In 2015, she recorded "The Heart of You" for the science fiction film The Divergent Series: Insurgent with Portishead's Adrian Utley and once again joined the Mercury Prize judging panel. Following David Bowie's death, Calvi joined John Cameron Mitchell and Neil Gaiman on the tribute EP Strung Out in Heaven in February 2016, contributing her vocals and guitar to a version of "Blackstar." That March, she performed "Me and the Devil" at Pieces of a Man: The Gil Scott-Heron Project, a part of that year's Convergence Festival in London. In May 2017, Calvi's rock opera The Sandman -- which was based on German author E.T.A. Hoffmann's short story of the same name -- premiered at the Ruhrfestspiele Festival in Recklinghausen, Germany before moving to Düsseldorf for further shows.
Calvi returned with her third album, Hunter, in August 2018, which she recorded at London's Konk studio. Produced by Nick Launay and featuring Utley and the Bad Seeds' Martyn Casey along with Harpaz and drummer Alex Thomas, the album's defiance of gender norms found Calvi at her most uninhibited. Hunter charted throughout Europe and reached number 22 on the U.K. Albums Chart, earning Calvi her third Mercury Prize nomination, making her the first solo artist to accomplish this feat. The following year, she wrote and performed the score to the fifth season of the acclaimed BBC One show Peaky Blinders. The show's official soundtrack also included her original song "You're Not God" and her cover of FKA Twigs' "Papi Pacify." In 2020, Calvi revisited Hunter with Hunted, a set of more intimate versions of that album's songs that included contributions from Charlotte Gainsbourg, Julia Holter, Courtney Barnett and Idles' Joe Talbot. ~ Heather Phares & Aneet Nijjar, Rovi